Which Middle East nations have nuclear programmes, and how were they built?

Thirty-second regular session Agenda item 7 (GC(XXXII)/856) ISRAELI NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES AND THREAT Resolution adopted during the 312th plenary meeting, on 23 September 1988 ISRAELI NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES AND THREAT The General Conference, (a) Having considered the agenda item "Israeli nuclear capabilities and threat", (b) Having also considered the Annual Report of the Agency for 1987, and in particular paragraphs 37 and 40, (c) Recalling its resolution GC(XXXI)/RES/470 of 25 September 1987, which demanded that Israel comply with Security Council resolution 487 (1981) and place all its nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards, (d) Taking note of United Nations General Assembly resolutions on Israeli nuclear armament, the latest of which is resolution 42/44, in which, inter alia, the General Assembly requested the IAEA to inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations of any steps Israel may undertake to place its nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards, (e) Bearing in mind the relevant resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly on the co-operation between South Africa and Israel, particularly in the nuclear field, 2541Y/165Y 88-4955A GC(XXXII)/RES/487 September 1988 GENERAL Distr. International Atomic Energy Agency GENERAL CONFERENCE

GC(XXXII)/RES/487 page 2 (f) Taking note of the report of the Director General contained in document GC(XXXII)/849, (g) Deeply alarmed by recent information regarding the possession of nuclear weapons by Israel and the subsequent Israeli actions in this connection, which have substantiated the revealed information, (h) Conscious of the grave consequences that endanger international peace and security as a result of Israel's growing nuclear capabilities and threat, (i) Gravely concerned about Israel's policy of aggression and expansion in the region and its acts of oppression against the Arab people in the Occupied Territories, which grossly violate international law and the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, (j) Noting with deep regret that Israel has persistently refused to implement the above resolutions and to renounce the possession of nuclear weapons, 1. Strongly condemns the continued refusal by Israel to renounce the possession of nuclear weapons and to submit all its nuclear facilities to the Agency's safeguards in compliance with Security Council resolution 487 (1981); 2. Expresses its deep concern that the growing military nuclear capabilities of Israel greatly endanger peace and security in the region and threaten the non-proliferation regime observed by other States in the region; 3. Requests the Director General once again to consider the implementation by the IAEA of the provisions of the United Nations General Assembly resolutions 41/12, 41/93 and 42/44 which are relevant to the Agency; 4. Requests the Director General to respond to the request of the General Assembly contained in paragraph 6 of its resolution 42/44; 5. Also requests the Director General to continue to report, as appropriate, to the Board of Governors and General Conference on the Israeli nuclear capabilities and threat and on the implementation of this resolution; 6. Also requests the Director General, pending the acceptance by Israel to place all its nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards, to prepare a technical study on different modalities of application of IAEA safeguards in the region, taking into account the Agency's experience in applying its safeguards; 7. Further requests the Director General to transmit this resolution to the Secretary-General of the United Nations; and 8. Decides to include in the agenda for the thirty-third regular session of the General Conference an item entitled "Israeli nuclear capabilities and threat".